The most familiar mutual funds are equity funds, bond or fixed-income funds, money market funds, and balanced funds. A basic equity fund invests in the shares of various corporations. Equity funds differ in their selections of individual company characteristics, industries, or geographic locations. Bond funds offer investors the potential for interest income and the opportunity to realize capital gains over the long term.
For the interim investor, money market funds provide the chance to insulate capital while receiving returns superior to those offered by a bank savings account. Finally, balanced funds (or asset allocation funds) exist for those investors who want the benefits of greater diversification along with the convenience of owning bonds, money market instruments, and equities in one mutual fund.